On October 18 and 19, retirees and investors rallied in several Iranian cities to protest eroding pensions, declining purchasing power and the handling of their assets. UN Special Rapporteur Leopoldo Maldonado said Amnesty International recorded at least 2,159 executions in Iran in 2025, and at least 46 political prisoners and protesters have reportedly been executed since March 19, with more than 100 others on death row. Belgium's Chamber of Representatives decided on October 21 not to extend an official invitation to Reza Pahlavi, after Foreign Minister Maxime Prévot warned of the political implications. Female prisoners are also being denied medical care, including 64-year-old political prisoner Masoumeh (Farah) Nassaji, who remains in Evin Prison even though Iran's Legal Medicine Organization confirmed she is medically unfit for imprisonment.
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